Genetically Modified Organisms And Reproductive Cloning

Since prehistoric times, agriculture has been bred selectively in order to select for traits that would be more desirable. This type of genetic modification has proven to be quite successful and has been used for many generations. Presently scientists are genetically modifying organisms in order to produce more desirable traits. Genetically modified organisms (GMO), are organisms that have a genome that has been engineered in a laboratory in order to produce desired biological products or to express a desired physiological trait (Diaz 2014). Scientists are able to accomplish this type of genetic modification through recombinant DNA technology and reproductive cloning. Reproductive cloning uses technology to produce offspring of an organism that is genetically identical to the parent. They do this by transferring a donor nucleus into the enucleated cytoplasm of the host egg (Diaz 2014). Recombinant DNA technology involves inserting one or more individual genes into the DNA of a separa te species (Diaz 2014). GMOs have become widely used in many different areas of society, three of which are animals, agriculture, and for the advancement of human health. However, this scientific advancement does have disadvantages and is a highly controversial topic for many counties. Animals: When speaking about genetically modifying animals it is important to determine which level of modification is being used. The most common technique of genetically modifying animals, which has been aroundShow MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Organisms: Good or Bad?632 Words   |  3 PagesGenetically modified organisms (GMO) are organisms whose genome has been engineered in the laboratory using various genetic manipulating techniques. These procedures specifically modify the genome of the organism at a molecular level usually by the insertion of genes from different species of organisms that code for traits that are not possible to obtain through customary process like selective breeding. Genetically modified organisms have been a great controversy as they have resolved many difficultiesRead MoreThe Morality Of Genetically Modified Animals For The Purpose Of Pharming And Xenotransplantation879 Words   |  4 Pages There are two sides to the morality of genetically modifying animals for the purpose of pharming and xenotransplantation: the potential benefits and the reality. Although genetic modification of mammals carries promises of being able to use said modified mammals as a source of materials used in pharmaceuticals or creating mammalian species with organs that can be transplanted in humans, the reality is that reproductive cloning in mammals has a low success rate. Because of the high demand for organsRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Of Animal Welfare1097 Words   |  5 Pagesvalid contribution to the current debate regarding the creation and use of genetically engineered animals; all participants such as veterinarians should take consideration in this technology use. Also, the reflection of society’s values within scientific practice and evolving technology, particularly publicly funded efforts that aims to provide societal benefits. These challenges that come with animals that are being genetically engineered have governing bodies developing guidelines, that focus on theRead MoreGenetics And Biotechnology And Its Effect On The World Around Us1179 Words   |  5 PagesBiotechnology is the use of technology to enhance living organisms and processes. Their are many aspects of biotechnoogy including cloning, genetic engineering, stem cell technology, gene therapy and genetically modified plants and food. I will be splitting this paper off into sections by these specific aspects in order to learn more about genetics and biotechnology and its effect on the world around us. So let’s dive in. Section 1. Cloning There are three common types of clones:natural clonesRead MoreShould We Need A New Technology?1196 Words   |  5 Pagestechnology such as cloning, genetic plant modification, and changing the DNA of a human embryo in order to get the ideal baby can have some long lasting effects on us, because each and everyone of them has some sort of potential dangers of their technologies. When we apply these technologies we should let our moral compass decide if we are going to far with what we are doing, and if it can have a lasting affect on us in the near future. According to Lama, there are two types of cloning. TherapeuticRead MoreGenetic Engineering : The Field Of Human Biotechnology1490 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is a set of techniques for isolating, transforming, multiplying and recombining genes from different organisms. Simply put, it is the process of manually adding new DNA to an organism. Genetic engineering originated in the 1970s as a result of the discovery of several key techniques in molecular genetics. It is also referred to as recombinant (rDNA) technology. Genetic Engineering enables geneticists to transfer genes between species that belongRead MoreDeoxyribonucleic Acid, Or Dna Is A Genetic Code That Determines1279 Words   |  6 PagesDeoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA is a genetic code that determines the characteristics of a living organism. DNA is a large molecule shaped as a double helix, or twisted ladder. It is made of repeating units called nucleotides. Unlike RNA , DNA does not have uracil, but does have thymine, and the other bases (adenine, cytosine, and guanine). DNA is very important for when it comes to transferring hereditary information. Hereditary material, or â€Å"information† is from the parents of the offspring.Read MoreEssay about Biotechnology: Definition of Genetic Transfer867 Words   |  4 Pagesintentional breeding of organisms with desirable trait in an attempt to produce offspring with similar desirable characteristics or with improved traits. What is cloning- 11Cloning is the process of creating genetically identical copies of biological matter. This may include genes, cells, tissues or entire organisms. Organism cloning involves making an identical copy of an entire organism. This type of cloning is also called reproductive cloning. Reproductive Cloning Techniques Cloning techniques are laboratoryRead MoreMarxs Term For Capitalist1723 Words   |  7 Pagesis astonishing is that a company was actually able to get a patent on life. How can a company be allowed to monopolize an entire industry? That is depriving people of their basic human right of life, to eat healthy food, food that has not been modified by harmful hormones or genetics. Several of the food production companies give jobs to illegal immigrants and once their services are no longer needed, then the heads of these companies call immigration to have them arrested and deported back toRead MoreProcess Of Genetic Engineering Applications1629 Words   |  7 Pagesenhancement, and cloning. Gene therapy and genetic enhancement use similar processes to alter specific portions of the DNA, whereas cloning has a more specific method which is different in relation. The basic process of genetic modification will be used as an example to illustrate the technical aspects of research areas like gene therapy and genetic enhancement. In addition to genetic modification techniques, cloning has specific applications in animals. A specific method of cloning, somatic cell

Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs - 946 Words

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs addresses the evaluation of the motivation and productivity of individuals based on whether certain needs, such as food and safety, have been met before others can be fulfilled, like self-actualization. Abraham Maslow created this theory. He states that there are five levels within a hierarchy, where the needs in each lower level must be substantially fulfilled before issues in higher levels can be addressed. The lowest and most basic level, the physiological level, includes biological and bodily needs such as hunger, thirst, sex, and shelter. Once these needs are substantially met, the needs of the following level, safety, can be addressed. Safety includes human needs of protection and security from physical and emotional harm. The following level, social, refers to the more emotional needs of humans, like friendship, acceptance, belonging, and acceptance. The fourth level, esteem, regards internal factors, like self-respect and achievement, and ex ternal factors, such as status, recognition, and attention. The final level is self-actualization, where individuals are driven to achieve their full potential, to achieve their full potential, growth, and self-fulfillment. This theory states that people act the way that they do based on whether certain needs have been met. For example, if the lower-order needs of physiological and safety needs have not been met, then someone cannot be concerned with social needs, like friendship. Each need does notShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words   |  7 PagesMaslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg’s. The Maslow’s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzberg’ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, choose a better one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslow’s hierarchy of needs The Maslow’s hierarchy of needsRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1536 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstanding of how to motivate different personality types. In the research I am going to compare Maslow’s hierarchy of needs against Lawrence and Nohira’s 4 drive theory in an attempt to better understand their possible uses inside an organizational structure. Let’s first take a look a look at the two theories before discussing their potential benefit. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. We need to keep in mind that Maslow’s field was phycology, so his research was done from a medical viewpoint more soRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1524 Words   |  7 PagesSummary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realization and fulfillments and that behavior could be gratified while using multiple types of needs at the same time. Maslow wanted to find positive motivation as to why people react or engage in certain behaviors. He felt that basic survivalRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1295 Words   |  6 PagesMaslow’s hierarchy of needs (p. 379 in EP)? Outline each level and discuss how it relates to motivation. Abraham Maslow was born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He originally studied law because of the influence of my parents, but after marrying his first cousin, Bertha Goodman, and moving to Wisconsin, he became interested in psychology. After achieving his Masters in Psychology, Maslow moved back to Brooklyn and started teaching at a school there. â€Å"One of the many interesting things Maslow noticedRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs982 Words   |  4 PagesAbraham Maslow was one of the most influential and important educational psychologists and is recognized by many for his theory on mankind’s hierarchy of needs. Maslow’s theory which is known as â€Å"Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs† is best explained as a pyramid of needs that we as humans must meet in order to progress to another stage of needs. There are five stages in the pyramid of needs and they go as follows: physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, and finally self-actualization. MaslowRead MoreMaslow s The Hierarchy Of Needs1769 Words   |  8 Pages Summary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Jennifer Thompson Arkansas Tech University Author Note This individual research paper is being submitted on October 13, 2014 for Loretta Cochran’s Management [BUAD 3123] course. â€Æ' Summary of Maslow’s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realizationRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1846 Words   |  8 PagesAbraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of needs (HON) to try and explain human psychological developments and how these manifest themselves into a worker’s life. We will explore some issues brought up by the model and why it may lack a certain the degree of unification and how it could potentially work better if entwined with other views. Motivation is the â€Å"word derived from the word ’motive’ It’s the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goals† (guide, 2017) Also, MaslowRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1498 Words   |  6 Pagesjust want to survive in life they want to flourish. Maslow s hierarchy of needs explains to us a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. While the interactionist point of view explains how humans are social creatures and social interaction is just as important as all of the other needs listed on Maslow’s Model. Maslow s hierarchy of needs is a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. Corrections Today explains that Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist born in New York, heRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pages This international technology company demands strong motivation, stupendous leadership and great understanding between workers. Leaders need to create willingness amongst the employees to operate at their highest potential; this willingness is referred to as motivation. This report is based on a content/needs theory of motivation (Maslow’s hierarchy of needs). It consists of two pieces of primary research on the theory. The first one summarises worker motivation on selected construction sites inRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1388 Words   |  6 Pages Abraham Maslow was an American philosopher who was born in the early 1990 s in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of the leading theorists that promoted humanistic psychology during his era. Maslow sought to understand what motivates and inspires individuals. He theorized that individuals possess and hold a group of motivation and incentive systems not related to plunder or insensible desires. Maslow declared that people are motivated and provoked to attain certain needs. When one need is fulfilled

Beer Game free essay sample

SThe game has four players per team; Retailer, Wholesaler, Distributor, and Factory. The pennies represent cases of beer. A deck of cards represents customer demand. Each simulated week, customers purchase from the retailer, who ships the beer requested out of inventory. The retailer in turn orders from the wholesaler, who ships the beer requested out of their own inventory. Likewise the wholesaler orders and receives beer from the distributor, who in turn orders and receives beer from the factory, where the beer is brewed. At each stage there are shipping delays and order processing delays. The players objective is to minimize total team costs. Inventory holding costs are $. 50/case/week. Backlog costs are $1. 00/case/week, to capture both the lost revenue and the ill will stock-outs cause among customers. Costs are assessed at each link of the distribution chain. (Sterman,1999). Since the Beer game has been around since the 1960’s the game is the best known simulation game of its kind and allows players a glimpse of the intricacies within the supply chain. Other games that deal with supply chain management are: Poker Chip, Wood Supply, LEAP Supply Chain, ITL and LEGO games (Cox, 2006). The Beer Game far outreaches all the other games; its focus is on dynamic complexity within the supply chain. Complexity within the supply chain has two forms, dynamic and detail. While the Beer Game focuses on dynamic complexity within the supply chain system, the Poker Chip Game focuses on the detail complexity of the systems. Detail complexity is where many variables, definitions, and lists of items are used to describe a system. (Cox, 2006) When you start listing the elements within the system that the Beer Game limits the Poker Chip Game allows some of these elements to exist. However, by limiting the aspects within the system, the player is able to visualize and understand and learn the basics of the supply chain. All business areas are affected by the supply chain but the complexities of the chain often time causes stress in the area when management is concerned. Simulation games allow players to grasp hard to define concepts quickly and reach further into the complexities of the system. Bain and Company reports that 85% of senior executives surveyed say that improving supply chain performance is a top priority for their firm. But, 50% reported having only basic information on their supply chain. (Cox, 2006) To receive better information, management must be in tune with questions to ask and to understand the information they receive. So a basic understanding must be gained. In the Beer Game, the supply chain provides the rhythm of the game but all the challenges and nuances associated to supply chain were removed or were made to be systematic / consistent in nature except for inventory management Thus, the focus of the game was the ability to manage the inventory levels within the system. Teams focused on one product, Beer. Teams had only one vendor and customer. The factory didn’t have any supply issues for materials. Shipping and ordering delays were reliably constant. And finally there were set players in the supply chain: retailer, wholesaler, distributor, and factory. So the rest of the supply chain couldn’t get much cleaner than this setup. The system contained no flaws. This clean supply chain gave a feel for the system flow but allowed players to focus specifically on their inventories. The demand remained relatively consistent with slight fluctuations within the game. So the game truly brings a focus, the reaction of the supply chain to small market fluctuations. However, if the focus of the game was inventory, I felt that one of the key costs of inventory was ignored in the game, that being ordering costs. We tracked shortages, ordering, and backlogs but we only focused on holding costs and shortage costs when it came to tracking team costs. We did not have costs associated to orders calculated into the system and in most cases each player ordered each cycle. I am a little unsure why the element of ordering costs would have been left out of the equation except for the added variability to inventory it would cause. But since it was left out of the game, the inventory was allowed to be kept lower than if ordering costs remained in the game. Since there were no ordering costs, inventory was ordered on almost every cycle within the supply chain. Reaction of inventory fluctuations within the system or the bullwhip effect is another focus of what the game teaches. If ordering costs were in play it may distort the effect. With no ordering costs the bullwhip effect is evident. The bullwhip effect shows that decisions made by groups along the supply actually worsen shortages and overstocks. It was interesting later to learn that in a structured supply chain, when a participant tries to amplify the profit at the respective stage in the system, it in turn, decreases the overall profitability of the system. This is part of the bullwhip effect. (wikipedia, 2007) The bullwhip effect is best visualized by a graph of the effect each player has on the next player in their team’s line. The graph below shows the bullwhip effect when customer inventory levels are kept low and a small increase in demand is instituted in week 25. This increase affects the system through many weeks until the factory finally smoothes the inventory by supplying the chain with the needed gain in inventory. Usually the effect smoothes after the correction and the system goes to a constant line. If there are any fluctuations after that in the line then it is due to internal system demand or â€Å"ghost demand†. The game demonstrates patterns of behavior that are reflected by the graph above as well.

Physical Appearance and Securing Employment

Outline Thesis statement: Physical appearance has been proved to influence an individual’s chances of being employed in the organization. This article reviews journal articles that talk about the relationship between physical appearance and securing employment.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Physical Appearance and Securing Employment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction Both previous and recent studies confirm that there is a relationship between physical appearance, such as dressing and body physique, and chances of being employed in a company or in the organization. Employers associate certain individuals with particular features such as fat individuals are linked to laziness. Labeling therefore becomes a problem in seeking employment. In the United States for instance, laws have been crafted that eliminate discrimination against physical appearance. Literature shows that the most b eautiful women and handsome men have a better chance of landing a job as opposed to individuals without admirable qualities. It then follows that employment is an independent variable whereas physical traits such as body size, color, height and shape are dependent variables. Without employment as a variable, physical traits could not be relevant within the context of work. Other factors influence an individual’s chances of being employed in the organization but this paper will specifically focus on physical traits. The paper uses some journal articles to evaluate what other scholars have done in relation to the topic. Dressing code that is identified with particular cultures or religion affects an individual’s chances of being employed. Due to subjective reasons, employers may have a dislike to a potential employee because of appearance and presentation. Religion Yaghoob Foroutan examined the relationship between culture and the chances of employment for women in organ izations. He set out his research because there was a growing debate over gender and cultural disparity in society. Female Job seekers from Muslim culture had problems securing employment in Australia and other parts of the world as well. The scholar explored the differences between Muslim women and females from other cultures. He found out that Islamic dressing code discriminated women from society. Few Islam women were employed because employers were uncertain about their demands and desires (Foroutan, 2008). The researcher compared employment rates of female Muslims in Australia and those employed in other parts of the world. He established that there was no difference since other cultures all over the world had problems with Islamic dressing codes. The researcher employed quantitative research methods in his study. He distributed questionnaires to both employers and Muslim women. The findings were analyzed using regression method in order to substantiate the findings. The findin gs suggest that dressing code is directly related to chances of securing employment in the organization. Managers and employers in general are reluctant to employ people whom they do not share a culture.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gender Appearance Trautner Mary and Kwan Samantha conducted an extensive research pertaining to attractiveness of both men and women. They noted that beauty affects several stages of employment such as appointing, salary, performance assessment and promotion. Employers expect individuals to be dressed decently during recruitment exercises. Furthermore, only certain air styles attract employers, implying that those with unwanted air styles cannot land jobs. From time to time, employers encourage their employees to maintain certain body figures. Furthermore, employers regulate the dressing code of employees by insisting on official at tires. Those seeking employment must conform to prescribed attires and uniforms. The scholars sought to know why some employers were firing their staff due to increased body sizes. The researchers analyzed some of the cases deliberated by the American law courts relating to employee appearance (Trautner, Kwan, 2010). The research concludes that the number of cases keep on increasing meaning that it is a concept that needs more exploration. This aspect encouraged the two scholars to conduct this research. Contrary to popular believe, it is men who were affected most by the dressing code in 1970s. Data from this research reveal that cases differed all along from 1970s. Physical appearances problems in 1970s were concerned with male hair length. The new trend reveals that weight and deviant appearances are the major problems. This means that employers are keen to recruit individuals who match their tastes and preferences as regards to physical appearance. Tall and slender men are beli eved to be resourceful while the big-bodied are assumed lazy and unproductive. The scholars collected data through interviews. They followed the tenets of quantitative research methodology. Lisa Drogosz and Paul Levy conducted a separate study on gender appearance, in which they applied Lack of Fit Model. The scholars evaluated how the theory was utilized in places of work and during recruitment. According to them, some gender characteristics were superior to others. Individuals with desired qualities were productive than those with no such qualities (Drogosz, Levy, 1996). Employers tend to go for those employees perceived to have desired qualities. Attractive employees could boost the productivity of the firm as opposed to non-attractive ones.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Physical Appearance and Securing Employment specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, the employer rates recruits as masculi ne, feminine or neutral. Through their study, they established that Lack of Fit Theory was misplaced. Their findings did not replicate the results of the theory. They found out that attractiveness was the major theme in any organization. Attractive individuals scored high in their jobs. In fact, job category was not an issue because nice-looking individuals emerged top in all types of jobs. This is what happens during recruitment, meaning that good-looking recruits are given more points as opposed to the unpleasant ones. Individuals possessing either masculine or feminine qualities were rated as being nice-looking. For women, those with good shapes and height were given highest ratings while men with muscles were considered very productive. The researchers used quantitative research method, mainly because they were interested in numbers. Sexual Capital Catherine Hakim conducted a study to determine sexual attractiveness, in which she formulated Erotic Capital theory. She believes th at erotic capital is a very treasured personal quality that is utilized by individuals to seek favors, including employment. Apart from erotic capital, she identifies other forms of capital such as social, economic and human. The scholar insists that erotic capital is extremely important in the modern society. Those who can present themselves in an attractive manner will always achieve what they want. This means that even employers are attracted to nudism. Ladies wearing short cloths that display their bodies attract employers and can easily influence them, hence getting employment (Hakim, 2010). Men with attractive bodies can as well attractive female employers. However, the scholar disputes that a man cannot challenge a woman when it comes to utilization of erotic capital in seeking employment. Women will always win the favors of men during recruitment exercises. She asserts that women are always working hard to attract men hence giving them a better advantage during recruiting. U pon employment, erotic capital plays an important role in promotion and wage increment. This is because it is usually believed that such individuals bring in more customers. Zebrowitz, Hall, Murphy Rhodes concluded their studies by observing that employers can judge an individual’s intelligence from facial appearance. This is only possible when a valid cue of beauty is employed (Zebrowitz, Hall, Murphy, Rhodes, 2002).Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The scholars observe further that a number of reasons contribute to relationship between attractiveness and intelligence. This means that employers use both biological and social factors to tell an individual’s capability. Some are perceived to be lazy by looking at their bodies while others are judged through behavior. Therefore, it is true that an individual’s body movement can be used to predict his/her chances of landing a job. Individuals who do things faster have an advantage of being employed than others. The research was conducted in various parts of the world to establish the influence of femininity and masculinity in employment. However, the research recommends further studies because scholars used unrepresentative sample. Future researches should use large samples to achieve viable and reliable results. Conclusion Trautner and Kwan argue that beauty affects employment processes such as hiring and promotion. On their part, Drogosz and Levy concur with Trautne r and Kwan that beauty is indeed a major determinant of employment. Foroutan discusses about the influence of cultural attire in employment, in which he argues that Islamic attire is an impediment to Islam women worldwide. Hakim further noted that individuals could utilize erotic capital to solicit employment favors. Zebrowitz, Hall, Murphy Rhodes asserted that employers could tell the character of an individual through facial appearance. It is therefore true that physical appearance affects an individual’s chances of employment. Attractive individuals have high chances of being employed. Religious attires such as those of Muslims affect their employment opportunities. This literature review is resourceful in telling the relationship between physical appearance and employment. References Drogosz, L., Levy, P. (1996). Another look at the effects of appearance, gender, and job type on performance-based decisions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 20(3), 437-445. Hakim, C. (2010) . Erotic Capital. European Sociological Review, 26(5), 499-518. Trautner, M., Kwan, S. (2010). Gendered appearance norms: An analysis of employment discrimination lawsuits, 1970-2008. Research in the Sociology of Work, 20, 127-150. Foroutan, Y. (2008). Women’s employment, religion and multiculturalism: Socio-demographic emphasis. Journal of Population Research, 25(1), 63-90. Zebrowitz, L., Hall, J., Murphy, N., Rhodes, G. (2002). Looking smart and looking good: Facial cues to intelligence and their origins. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(2), 238-249. This critical writing on Physical Appearance and Securing Employment was written and submitted by user Walter A. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Chacun Son Bonheur Essays - Bobche, Princess Franoise Of Orlans

Chacun Son Bonheur Essays - Bobche, Princess Franoise Of Orlans Chacun Son Bonheur Dans le roman Bonheur d' occasion, Gabrielle Roy utilise les motions et les actions des hommes pour dmontrer leurs traits individuels pour enfin comprendre compltement leur situation. Leur dtermination et leur persistance de trouver une solution leur misre les poussent surmonter leurs obstacles. tant donn, que c'est le dbut de la deuxime guerre mondiale, les gens vivent pour survivre, quelques-uns plus que d'autre. Chacun sa propre faon de s'adapter la dpression conomique. Azarius Lacasse retrouve sa joie dans le rve, tandis qu'Emmanuel retrouve le bonheur dans l'action; le personnage de Jean Lvesque retrouve son bonheur dans l'ascension. Ds le dbut du roman le personnage d'Azarius fait ressortir ses dfauts et ses qualits. Roy permet au lecteur de voir Azarius faire la transition d'un homme lche un homme, un pre, un mari plus responsable et efficace. Avant son volution Azarius subit plusieurs changements d'attitude et de valeurs. Il se rend compte un jour que sa famille vit dans la misre et que pendant qu'il rvait, il n'a pas rempli ses responsabilits de pre de famille. Pour Azarius maintenir un emploi tait l'obstacle le plus difficile depuis le dbut de la guerre. Il n'y avait pas d'emploi disponible dans son mtier de menuiserie, alors il a d travailler dans diffrents postes. Malheureusement, il n'a jamais aim son travail et finissait toujours par quitter son job. Lorsqu'il a laiss son emploi comme chauffeur de taxi, Rose-Anna lui rappelle qu'[il a pass] quasiment toute [sa] vie jongler. Et au bout de toutes [les] jongleries, [il a] jamais t plus avanc. la fin du roman, Azarius ralise par lui-mme qu'il a t la cause de toutes les annes de misre, de dmnagement, de manque de nourriture et de la lutte constante pour survivre. Pour prendre sa responsabilit, il dcide que la meilleure faon de rgler sa misre et la misre de sa famille est de s'enrler dans l'arme. De cette faon, il sait que sa famille aura de l'argent et que Rose-Anne sera bien dbarrass de lui. Pour lui et sa famille, ce sera un nouveau commencement. mmanuel Ltourneau, un jeune homme nergtique et enthousiaste, lutte pour des aventures remplies d'action. Bien qu'mmanuel possde un bon emploi plein temps, une vie remplie de toutes les ncessits et de l'argent, il n'arrte pas de chercher qui le mneront au bonheur. Puisque c'est le dbut de la guerre et la publicit est partout, mmanuel se refugie dans l'arme pour sa rponse. La tentation qui grandit l'intrieur du jeune soldat envahit ses penses et ses motions. D'aprs Emmanuel c'est sa dernire chance de redevenir un homme. mmanuel n'a pas beaucoup d'estime de soi et a souvent besoin d'encouragement; pourtant cela ne l'empche pas de faire ce qu'il veut dans la vie. Sa persistance d'avoir Florentine comme son amie de fille le pousse agir plus spontanment. Il a un trou dans le coeur et Florentine remplit ce vide pour lui. Pour amliorer la vie de Florentine et la sienne, il dcide de se marier Florentine avant son dpart pour le front. Durant une priode de quelques mois, Emmanuel a accompli plu sieurs de ses objectifs. Il a peut-tre t seulement chanceux ou plutt, sa nouvelle attitude face la vie lui a permi d'explorer ses options et de prendre avantage avant qu'il ne soit trop tard. Il est maintenant un homme complet. Il prend contrle de sa vie pour enfin tre capable de dire lui-mme qu'il est gaiement satisfait de ses dcisions et de son nouveau dbut avec Florentine. Jean Lvesque est un bel homme jeune et sophistiqu. Quoiqu'il lutte pour la perfection, il fait de nombreux sacrifices pour s'assurer une bonne vie et un futur trs prospre. Il entrevit la guerre comme une chance vraiment personnelle, sa chance lui d'une ascension rapide. Une fois qu'il a rencontr la jeune serveuse Florentine Lacasse, elle est devenu une distraction ses penses et un obstacle dans son chemin. Il y avait quelque chose d'elle qui le rendait fous. Sachant qu'elle venait d'une famille pauvre, Jean tente de s'loigner d'elle. La soire qu'ils ont partage ensemble, il l'a regrette ds le dbut, car la jeune demoiselle lui rappelait son pass. Pendant qu'il tait chez elle, assis sur son sofa, respirant l'odeur de la pauvret, les

Cover Letter Sample Applying for Content Editor Job

Cover Letter Sample Applying for Content Editor Job SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips According to author Nick Hornby, "The secret of good writing is to cut it back, pare it down, winnow, chop, hack, prune, and trim, remove every superfluous word, compress, compress, compress." The same could be said to bethe secret of writing good cover letters! Since the writer of this next sample letter is applying for the position of Content Editor, she especially needs toshow strong editingskills in her letter. Read on to see if Leila successfully compresses her cover letter into the most persuasive points. Cover Letter Sample for Content Editor Position Leila Shadi1709 Broderick St.San Francisco, CA 945 May 1, 2016 Mr. Ernie SandersChief Marketing OfficerGlobex Tech55 Valley RoadPalo Alto, CA 95014 Dear Mr. Sanders, I was pleased to find your posting for HeadContent Editorwith Globex Tech on MediaBistro.com. I’ve been following your company for the past several months and would be thrilled to contribute to its mission of engaging IT content with global reach.As a Content Editor with CloudArk, I possess both the editorial expertise to grow readership and the leadership experience to manage a team of writers. Please allow me to highlight my skills as they relate to your stated requirements. As a Content Editor with CloudArk, I have Effectively managed a team of five writers; led bi-weekly strategy meetings; assigned topics and projects and maintained editorial calendar. Increased blog readership from 1,000 unique visitors monthly to 50,000 unique visitors monthly in eight months. Produced several viral campaigns with over 10,000 social media shares. Oversaw creation of a bi-weekly newsletter and daily maintenance of social media channels, including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Pinterest. Demonstrated excellent writing, editorial, and marketing skills and thorough knowledge of trends in IT industry. Maintained productive and positive relationships with coworkers characterized by open communication, creative support, and mutual respect. I’m inspired by your mission to create informative and accessibleIT content and have several ideas for editorial directions that I’d love to discuss. I will call you on Monday to see about arranginga meeting. In the meantime, please don’t hesitate to contact me by phone or email. My professional resume and portfolio of writing samples are attached. Thank you for your time, and I look forward to speaking with you soon. Sincerely, Leila Shadi Leila Shadileila.shadi@gmail.com555-555-5555 Leila sounds like she's had a lot of success as a Content Editor. Will a position as Head Editor be next? Content EditorCover Letter: The Breakdown Leila chooses to present her skills and experiences by bullet point in her cover letter. This list format allows her to pare down her qualifications to the essentials and present them in a clear, easy-to-read manner. While you can write out your cover letter, a format like the one Leila uses can also be an effective way to stick out from the crowd. Leila customizes her letter by stating at the beginning that she's been following the prospective company for some time. She gives specific examples of her experiences and uses data to quantify her accomplishments. She also conveys enthusiasm with her proactive call to action at the end of her letter, saying that she'll call on Monday to set up a meeting. This language can be useful for some jobs, though applicants should carefully consider whether the hiring manager might perceiveit as pushy. Overall, Leila has produced a clear cover letter that highlights her professional achievements as they relate to the new job. The bullet point format allows her to cut down unnecessary wordiness and get straight to the heart of what she wants to say. In addition to the bullet point format, Leila also usestraditional headers in her letter. Should you add those headers to your cover letter, too? A Note on Format While the sample cover letter above uses a traditional format with headers and a signature, your cover letter doesn't necessarily have to. If you're sending your letter as a Word attachment or hard copy, then these headers are a nice touch, especially if they match the formatting on your resume. Lots of organizations, though, expect you to send your cover letter in the body of an email or a text box on their application websites. As both of these modes tend to use plain text, you usually don't need to dress up your cover letter with headers or any extra formatting. You can just start right in with the salutation. If you're not including your email and phone number in a header, then you should probably make sure you add it in your conclusion. Make sure the hiring manager can clearly see how to contact you. Once you've figured out formatting, you can focus the rest of your energy on filling your cover letter with impressive content! What's Next? Care for another sample? Click here to read a cover letter for the position of Customer Experience Representative with an eyeglass company. Are you looking for more cover letters? Check out our full cover letter guide with writing tips and five more samples. If you're writing a cover letter, you should check out our cover letter template. This guide has tips for format, structure, and foolproof phrases, and it leads you through each step of the writing process.

Sustainability - Can it have a place in todays Construction World Essay

Sustainability - Can it have a place in todays Construction World - Essay Example However, prices have been levelling off or coming down since 2004. Any drop in prices of real estate is bound to affect consumer spending, since a large amount is financed by loans taken out against the increased value of real estate. The present scenario of low interest rates, and high oil and home prices has the look of the 1970's just before the worldwide recession set in. This time the inflation may not be so bad because the governments and banks are less likely to make the blunders they did in the 1970's and also the large work force of developing economies like China and India will help hold down the labour wage rates (Woodall). In July 1998, the 'Construction Task Force' led by Sir John Egan produced its report Rethinking Construction (Duffy, 2002). The need for the Industry to improve its performance was highlighted and it was suggested that the then current thinking and practices need to be drastically changed. The report highlighted the need for application of best practices to As a demonstration of the changes, a series of 'Demonstration Projects' showcasing the changed thinking, should be undertaken. The report suggested a need for a 'movement for change' that would be a dynamic, inspirational and non-institutionalised movement to bring about a radical improvement. The report led to further action with the launch of the 'M4I' Movement for Innovation in November 1998 (Azobuild). 'Constructing the Team' was the title of the report of the team commissioned by Government and Industry and led by Sir Michael Latham. This report emphasised the need for all elements of the Industry, namely, architecture, tendering, procurement and construction to work together as a team to revitalise the Industry and to engender high quality and high efficiency (Wikipedia). In this situation it is vital to understand the problems faced by the construction Industry (Industry) and the way forward to sustainability. Research Objectives: The objectives of the research would be to analyse the problems facing the Industry towards meeting the vision of the Egan and Latham reports and to suggest ways for improvement in current practices and systems. Special emphasis shall be placed on the need for improvement in costs, time and reduction in defects. The research shall focus on the team approach where all elements of the Industry form a cohesive whole to deliver quality product at the lowest cost and in the shortest time. Scope of the Research: The research shall be confined to the Industry and its primary clients, namely the housing aspect. Other types of construction where the client commissions a building or other civil construction in order to carry on some other business activity are specifically excluded from the scope of the study. The report shall specifically address itself to the basic questions raised in the reports of the Egan and Latham committees on the industry having to readdress itself to focusing on becoming client targeted, integration into teams throughout the supply chain and developing a respect for people. Research Methods: The objectives of the research shall be achieved by following a structured approach consisting of the following steps: 1. A detailed survey

Finanical Accounting Concepts Phase 2 DB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Finanical Accounting Concepts Phase 2 DB - Essay Example This is also the reason why the expense incurred on Furniture is not shown on the income statement, The expense incurred on the furniture ($1500) will be shown in reduced amounts for a period of years in subsequent income statements. The Income Statement reflects the inflow and outflow of expenses and revenues. However, the Owner’s equity statement is a statement that reflects the position of the owner’s capital in the business. Therefore it reflects the shares position, the kinds of shares (common, preferred or deferred preferred shares) and their distribution. However, a balance sheet is a comprehensive statement that reflects the financial position of a firm at the end of a financial year. While the Income statement shows mainly operating expenses and net revenues, the balance sheet is a summary of a Company’s entire financial condition at any given point of time, therefore it includes all assets of the Company, all liabilities and net worth. This statement also takes into account the ownership of non fluid assets and share ownership in the Company. Therefore, in a balance sheet, the accounting equation would be: Assets – Liabilities + Owner’s Equity. The Accounting Cycle includes the process of recording entries of receipts and expenses in a journal in chronological order according to dates. These entries are then posted to the ledger, both under debits and credits, under the appropriate account heading. The trial balance is then prepared to ensure that all debits are equal to all credits. Any errors or discrepancies are then resolved with individual journal entries, in order to yield the adjusted trial balance. This forms the basis for the preparation of the various kinds of financial statements, such as cash statements, income statements and balance sheets. The final steps in preparing these statements are in the posting of the closing entries and the preparation of the final

Essay on reality Essay Example for Free

Essay on reality Essay Recently I attended a comedy festival and chose to go see one of the comedians shows with a friend of mine. This specific comedian had based his jokes around making fun of different people in certain countries. I had found the entire show completely amusing- it was very entertaining. However, when I questioned my friend about how she found it she was absolutely bewildered. She had found the jokes very offensive and humiliating towards the people of the ethnic groups that were mocked. It was a surprise to me that her perception of the show was entirely different from mine. The same event we had both experienced had seemed to produce different reactions. The situation made me realise that the window through which we perceive reality cannot be objectively verified due to the subjectivity of a persons feelings, thoughts or memories. After youve heard two eyewitness accounts of an auto accident, you begin to worry about history, was written by an unknown author. Hence the perception of reality can be seen through many windows. This circumstance made me question the validity of an objective reality in any situation and to what degree can certain factors influence the way we perceive reality. Variations in the perception of reality can indeed be affected by the age and what has been experienced by the individual during their maturation process. Overtime one persons perception of reality changes in that their initial knowledge of reality is entirety different from the reality they may perceive years later. The difference between the perceptions of reality of a forty year old adult to a ten year old child will vary greatly. A child has not yet been subjected to or experienced any major events; so their view on reality has not yet properly matured. As an individual matures, it is evident that they have encountered diverse situations that influence the way which they recognise reality. The perception of reality of a young child is still one of perplexity which is also experienced by the young Robert whose views on the world around him are not quite developed as is apparent in the memoir, The Shark Net. Roberts perception at the time of arrival into Perth was of complete awe and excitement, Everything I saw was the great unknown, whereas Dorothys perception was, it might as well be Africa. So you see, the perception of adventure of a young boy differs significantly to that of the perception of fear and insecurity of an isolated and foreign region of an adult. Hence reality can be seen through a series of lenses. The process of growing up in a certain environment involves the introduction of moral values whereby ones view on reality begins to form. By living in that area you grow up with views and values that are first instilled into you by your parents but then later on you are open to a wide range of views you can apply to any person, place or event. As can be seen the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, the young character Scout is growing up in an environment where her father, a lawyer, is defending a black man. Therefore, the character is being subjected to certain views and values that will later influence the way in which she perceives reality. Also, Roberts environment comprised of Saturday movies, bumpers, sparrows, moral agents and boiling brains and this was all part of his reality. Indeed, these themes formed the basis of Roberts reality. So it can be inferred that peoples personal feelings and thoughts that they have accumulated in their maturation process prevent the production of an objective reality; rather the creation of multiple realities to one situation. David G. Myers of Social Psychology once wrote There is an objective reality out there, but we view it through the spectacles of our beliefs, attitudes, and values. The environment you have been surrounded by, beliefs and moral values you have held all play a pivotal role and influence the way in which we perceive reality. The past of an individual and the memories experienced during their past plays a significant role in the way in which they perceive reality. Memories and experiences basically shape our understanding of what is important to us and what is not. Hence these are the formations of different perceptions. Roberts tunnelling craze was decided by Royce that the boys habit must have been picked up from parents and grandparents, who had experience as a bomber pilot and obviously felt no harm in the situation. On the other hand Dorothys reaction was distraught and angry. She couldnt believe mothers allowed their children to go to school barefoot, much less risk suffocation by burrowing underground. This indicates that these two perceptions of the reality of the situation are fuelled by the dissimilar experiences felt by both parents. Also, considering the latest tragic reality of the bushfires; a child who had lost their home and entire possessions would now hold a different perspective on reality due to their experiences and memories to that of a bystander to the horrific events. Indeed, ones own experience can affect the way in which they perceive a certain reality. It is shown that even the same event can have two conflicting realities perceived by two different people with various experiences. Though we may encounter the same event, person or place there are external and internal factors that can influence the manner in which we perceive a specific reality. The windows that allow sight into perception have numerous layers. It is impossible to view reality from an objective perspective due to the personal life we have created around us. From being a small child to an adult has shown to be a factor influencing the knowledge of reality. Therefore, along the path of our lives we are provided with certain views and values that contribute to our home and external environment and the experiences and memories we come across make a person perceive a situation in a different lens. As Bryan Singer once said, We dont live in a world of reality; we live in the word of how we perceive reality.

tuition Essay -- essays research papers fc

College Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  College education is a highly talked about subject among the presidents. For many years college education was not highly sought after or looked for, then when people who did go to college started getting better paying jobs than everyone else more and more people started to go to college. Since college is such a hot commodity these days the price of a college education is on a steady rise. Some experts have a very strong opinion as to why college education is on a rise and some believe that that it is not on the rise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin to understand this issue, we have to first examine the history and the context from which it arose. The rise of tuition is mainly due in part because the colleges need more money to upgrade and stay on top of the technology era. There are also many other reasons why tuition is on the rise though. One writer states that, â€Å"As almost every state reels from the effects of recession and tax cuts, legislatures slash funding for higher education, the largest discretionary item in most state budgets.† (Reed Jr., p.25). Another writer states, â€Å"A need to improve facilities, state budgets that are declining and inflation are all contributing to the rising cost of higher education, and there appears to be no end in sight.† (Gallagher, The Augusta Chronicle). This same writer gives another reason, â€Å"Universities, private and public, have to raise tuition to cover the costs of new construction, renovations and technological advancements and to keep qualified professors.† (The Augusta Chronicle). All of these statements show that there are many reasons why college tuition is on the rise, but they don’t seem to make sense to me. There should be other ways that colleges are able to pay for these advances in technology and inflation besides just hiking up the tuition cost. The tuition cost is so high that they have plenty of money to pay for all of the technological advances that they want and still have money left over for others things that the school has to be able to pay for from the tuition from students.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In one presidential debate between Sen. John Kerry and President Bush, â€Å"Sen. John Kerry accused President Bush of under funding aid programs, while Bush touted college access as one of the top priorities of his economic plan.† Both of the c... ...deal with the tuition increase is to start saving money for college early in life and hope that it doesn’t get to high before you get there, especially since college education is so highly sought after and held in such high regard. If parents and children will just sit down and figure out a plan on how to pay for college before they are a junior or senior in high school then there should be no problem in paying for it. Works Cited 1) Reed Jr., Adolph L. Majoring in Debt. Progressive; Jan 2004, Vol. 68 Issue 1, p 25, 3p, 2bw. 2) Gallagher, James. College Costs Continue to Rise Sharply. The (GA) Augusta Chronicle; 5/30/2004. 3) USA Today. Learn about ways to pay college tuition. Sep. 14, 2004. 4) Hempel, Jessi. College Tuition? Gumption Won’t Cover It. Business Week, 5/31/2004, Issue 3885. 5) http://studentloan.citibank.com/slcsite/slcframeset.htm. Citicorp. Oct. 26, 2004. 6) The Washington Post. Textbook Prices On the Rise. Sep. 18, 2004. 7) Stern, Linda. Congrats!—Now Pay Up. Newsweek, 4/12/2004, Vol. 143, Issue 15. 8) Ewers, Justin and Kingsbury, Alex. Opening the College Gates. 9) Bodnar, Janet. Who pays for COLLEGE? 10) Meyer, Michelle M. Tuition fees don’t tell whole truth. tuition Essay -- essays research papers fc College Education   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  College education is a highly talked about subject among the presidents. For many years college education was not highly sought after or looked for, then when people who did go to college started getting better paying jobs than everyone else more and more people started to go to college. Since college is such a hot commodity these days the price of a college education is on a steady rise. Some experts have a very strong opinion as to why college education is on a rise and some believe that that it is not on the rise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To begin to understand this issue, we have to first examine the history and the context from which it arose. The rise of tuition is mainly due in part because the colleges need more money to upgrade and stay on top of the technology era. There are also many other reasons why tuition is on the rise though. One writer states that, â€Å"As almost every state reels from the effects of recession and tax cuts, legislatures slash funding for higher education, the largest discretionary item in most state budgets.† (Reed Jr., p.25). Another writer states, â€Å"A need to improve facilities, state budgets that are declining and inflation are all contributing to the rising cost of higher education, and there appears to be no end in sight.† (Gallagher, The Augusta Chronicle). This same writer gives another reason, â€Å"Universities, private and public, have to raise tuition to cover the costs of new construction, renovations and technological advancements and to keep qualified professors.† (The Augusta Chronicle). All of these statements show that there are many reasons why college tuition is on the rise, but they don’t seem to make sense to me. There should be other ways that colleges are able to pay for these advances in technology and inflation besides just hiking up the tuition cost. The tuition cost is so high that they have plenty of money to pay for all of the technological advances that they want and still have money left over for others things that the school has to be able to pay for from the tuition from students.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In one presidential debate between Sen. John Kerry and President Bush, â€Å"Sen. John Kerry accused President Bush of under funding aid programs, while Bush touted college access as one of the top priorities of his economic plan.† Both of the c... ...deal with the tuition increase is to start saving money for college early in life and hope that it doesn’t get to high before you get there, especially since college education is so highly sought after and held in such high regard. If parents and children will just sit down and figure out a plan on how to pay for college before they are a junior or senior in high school then there should be no problem in paying for it. Works Cited 1) Reed Jr., Adolph L. Majoring in Debt. Progressive; Jan 2004, Vol. 68 Issue 1, p 25, 3p, 2bw. 2) Gallagher, James. College Costs Continue to Rise Sharply. The (GA) Augusta Chronicle; 5/30/2004. 3) USA Today. Learn about ways to pay college tuition. Sep. 14, 2004. 4) Hempel, Jessi. College Tuition? Gumption Won’t Cover It. Business Week, 5/31/2004, Issue 3885. 5) http://studentloan.citibank.com/slcsite/slcframeset.htm. Citicorp. Oct. 26, 2004. 6) The Washington Post. Textbook Prices On the Rise. Sep. 18, 2004. 7) Stern, Linda. Congrats!—Now Pay Up. Newsweek, 4/12/2004, Vol. 143, Issue 15. 8) Ewers, Justin and Kingsbury, Alex. Opening the College Gates. 9) Bodnar, Janet. Who pays for COLLEGE? 10) Meyer, Michelle M. Tuition fees don’t tell whole truth.

Skills and Knowledge

Common core The rights of children and young people are acknowledge by the integrated services surrounding them and their families in order to identify and achieve a common core value; being healthy, staying safe, achieving and enjoying, making positive contribution, achieve economic wellbeing, which are the sis areas of every child matters. I will talk about these key areas more in depth as we continue.There are six key areas of every child matters and for a better understanding each areas and the importance it will looked at individually starting from numbers one [1] to six [6]. Here are the list as stated in the common core. 1. Effective communication and engagement 2. Child and young person development 3. Safeguarding and promoting the welfare of a child 4. Supporting transition 5. Multi-agency working 6. Sharing information Effective communication Good communication is central to working with children, young people, their families and carers† the importance for skills and knowledge as stated in the common core gives a clear view as to the reasons and why it is so important to fallow these guidelines; Trust is a key part of effective communication between the those that are involved, a honest and open relationship is better to build by showing respect to the families you are working with, this can be reached if those involved do not feel under value and ignored.Showing honesty and respect for them by demonstrating that there too are apart of what is taking place in there surroundings. Communication is a two (2) way street and be aware that there are numerous ways of communicating which verbal(this is done orally or written), non-verbal(done in the form of body language, appearances and sounds ). It is also important to take into consideration the barriers of communications such as; disabilities, language, culture and emotionsEach families may have different barriers of communication so knowing that they are involved with people that they are able to t rust and rely on with confidence will initially ease some of their concerns the significance of being seen as individuals with valued opinions is vital. Maintaining confidentiality and ethics means you may often be required to share information with other agencies/services it is necessary to the welfare or wellbeing of individual families involved also bearing in mind that it is best to ensure they understand the reasons for this.Family should be kept informed of available local services that might be beneficial to their needs and how to used information they are given. By treating everyone as individuals with respect shows commitment Child and young person development Children and young people development varies and is different for each of child/young person, parent and carer sometimes finds it difficult manage and will often seek advice and support. Your knowledge and understanding of babies and young people and how to recognise changes or possible developmental delay will be nec essary.Children and young people sees and experience the world differently after evaluating the situation surrounding the child/young person where you feel more support is needed and when to get others professional involved you will then need to base your information of the fact of the situation and not of your own opinion. A sheared understanding can be reached the if individuals actively speaking and listening and breaking down and barriers making sure everyone is understanding. Allowing them come to their own conclusion on the matter while

Control Mechanisms in Management Essay

The four control standards the team chose to explore in regard to McDonald’s are performance, performance vs. standards, corrective action, and reinforce successes. The team will compare and contrast these control mechanisms, and determine the effectiveness of each. The team will also examine the positive and negative reactions to the use of these controls. Performance Standards â€Å"A standard is an expected performance for a given goal or target that establishes a desired performance level, motivates performance, and serves as a benchmark against which actual performance is assessed† (Bateman, 2009, p. 576). Performance standards relate directly to the success of the company. McDonald’s has set standards for customer service, and customer satisfaction. The standards are communicated to the employees by the store manager and training manager. Management sets attainable goals to motivate employee performance; he or she communicates these goals clearly, and revaluates these goals. Evaluating Performance Companies should evaluate the performance of employees and management to ensure the goals of the company are achieved. In the past McDonald’s evaluated their own-operators on a regular basis until the mid-1990s. McDonald’s discontinued evaluation that resulted in lower customer satisfaction. McDonald’s reinstated performance evaluations in 2001 to improve customer satisfaction. Today regional managers inspect and evaluate franchises on a regular basis. Forms with standard operation procedures enhance the evaluation process, and this information is input in McDonald’s database for further review. Today’s managers can input the evaluation from his or her company PDA. Performance vs. Standards â€Å"The managerial principle of exception states, which control is enhanced by concentrating on the exceptions to, or significant deviation from, the expected result or standard (Bateman, 2009, p. 578). Companies compare the performance of employees by evaluating how well the employee followed the standards or guidelines set by the company. Corrective Action and Reinforce Successes During the work process errors happen and managers should address these problems with his or her employees. Errors happen but managers also see the success of employees meeting or exceeding company goals. Companies should reward employees who meet or exceed the goals of the company. Compare and Contrast McDonald’s main goal is to develop sustainability. The leaders of McDonald’s have set standards of financial growth, customer service, product quality and safety, and corporate responsibility and conduct to achieve this main goal. Considering McDonald’s dominance in the fast-food industry, it is safe to say they have been successful at achieving their performance standards. McDonald’s has been a success because management takes immense care in measuring their performance, comparing their performance to their standards, and taking corrective action to get their performance on the right track. Management analyzes many reports to measure the company’s performance, such as customer satisfaction surveys, the annual report and corporate responsibility report, and performance audits. Management also observes their operation to measure performance. From analyzing these performance reports and audits, management can compare performance to their standards, past performance, and goals. For instance, the six-year summary in the 2011 Annual Report shows McDonald’s earned nearly three billion dollars in total revenue growth between 2010 and 2011 (McDonald’s, 2011). By comparing performance, management can identify deviations from their standards and goals and make corrections. Initiatives such as Employee Value Proposition, Leadership Development Framework and healthier menu items are examples of corrective action taken to improve performance (McDonald’s, 2009, pgs. 6 -7). McDonald’s management can execute these four performance controls successfully by having the drive to improve, building a culture of values, and constantly working toward sustainability (McDonald’s, 2009, pg. 5). McDonald’s worldwide success for many decades adds credence to management’s effectiveness in executing all four performance controls. Determine Effectiveness The four control standards the team chose to explore in regard to McDonald’s work well together, as is evident by the success of the company. The fast-food industry is hard to be successful in unless the company has the right combination of plans and controls. McDonald’s is a leader in this field because the company uses just the right amount of each. The McDonald’s control standards do not act well together unless there are people who make the standards work together. There have been times when some of the control standards have been in need of further guidance. During such times corporate management has had to change some of the ways the controls work. This is to ensure McDonald’s operates to the best of its abilities for effectiveness. Examine Positive and Negative Reactions From examining McDonald’s awards and recognition, it appears McDonald’s has received a very positive reaction to how they use these controls. Such awards include Fortune Magazine’s 2012 number 11 â€Å"Most Admired Company in the World,† Forbes Magazine 2010 â€Å"Most Admired Companies,† 2010 â€Å"Corporate Award† from the Executive Leadership Council (McDonald’s, 2012). Internally, McDonald’s has received positive reaction or at least buy-in, considering their performance and employer awards, to their performance controls, more than likely from their efforts in taking care of their people. McDonald’s has implemented leadership development and employee value proposition programs, and diversity and inclusion and social responsibility initiatives that have promoted employee satisfaction and trust in the company (McDonald’s, 2012). Also their business relationship model between their employees, suppliers, and owner/operators has developed strong communication throughout its operation. Although McDonald’s has been widely successful, they have also failed from time to time. In 2001, University of Michigan rated McDonald’s as one of the poorest-performing retailers from a year-long customer satisfaction study (Zuber, 2001, P. 1). More recently, ConsumerAffairs.com holds hundreds of consumer complaints of McDonald’s service, showing that even a successful giant like McDonald’s still has room for improvement. Controls Affect on Functions The four control standards the team chose to explore are performance, performance vs. standards, and corrective action, and reinforce successes. These controls affect the four functions of management in numerous ways. Pakhare (2011), † Effective and efficient management leads to success, which is the attainment of objectives and goals, that an organization sets for itself. Of course, for achieving the ultimate goal, management needs to work creatively in problem solving and execute all the four functions† (Para. 1-12). Since we have a basic understanding of these functions we can see clearly how they are in direct relationship to the control standards we have chosen. With each control standard we see how they closely work with each function. This particular formula is commonplace in many organizations on a global level. The analysis shows that McDonald’s has a good plan of control mechanisms in place, and good functions of management to support the corporation. This has been a key factor of the corporation’s long success in a business where many do not last long. The company has many beneficial areas to back up why they are one of the world’s favorite places to eat and probably will continue to be as successful for many years to come. References McDonalds. (2011). 2011 Annual Report. Retrieved from http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/Investors%202012/2011%20Annual%20Report%20Final.pdf McDonalds. (2012). Awards and Recognition. Retrieved from http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company/awards_and_recognition.html McDonalds. (2012). Our Company. Retrieved from http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company/mcdonalds_system.html McDonalds. (2009). Worldwide Corporate Responsibility Online Report: The values we bring to the table. Retrieved from http://www.mcdonalds.at/presse/maps/McDCSR.pdf Pakhare, J. (2011). Management Concepts – The Four Functions of Management. Retrieved from http://www.buzzle.com/articles/management-concepts-the-four-functions-of-management.html Zuber, A. (2001). McD restructures to beef up performance. Retrieved from

Constitutional Convention essays

Constitutional Convention essays Comparing essays from John Roche and Richard Hofstadter Since the beginnings of the Constitutional Convention, the Founding Fathers of our great country and their motives, during the time of the writing of the constitution, have been questioned and analyzed. This still holds true to this century. Two historians, John P. Roche and Richard Hofstadter, have both published essays giving their interpretations of what happened during that time in our countries history. Although both of thee essays were written within twenty years of each other the historians give two very different views on the events of the Constitutional Convention. Richard Hofstadters The American Political Tradition and The Men Who Made It shows a history of our nation that we do not usually see interpreted. He believes that the Constitution was written by men who were not looking to create a government for the people, they looked to create a good political constitution to control him [the people]. This idea is only further proven by the words of the Founding Fathers themselves. The people of the newly founded United States wanted a democratic government. However, according to Hofstadter: Democratic ideas are most likely to take root among discontented and oppressed classes, rising middle classes, or perhaps some sections of an old alienated and partially disinherited aristocracy, but they do not appeal to a privileged class that is still amplifying it privileges This idea that democracy is only meant for the classes whom do not have much power is one that affected the ideas of the convention greatly. It was due to the fact that of all the men present only half a dozen... were not sons of men who had considerable position and wealth. Even though these wealthy would have considerable power in a non-democratic government they agreed that the people should not be without a voice in the government. Hofstadter ...

Niels Bohr Biographical Profile

Niels Bohr Biographical Profile Niels Bohr  is one of the major voices in the early development of quantum mechanics. In the early twentieth century, his Institute for Theoretical Physics at the University of Copenhagen, in Denmark, was a center for some of the most important revolutionary thinking in formulating and studying the discoveries and insights related to the growing information about the quantum realm. Indeed, for the majority of the twentieth century, the dominant interpretation of quantum physics was known as the Copenhagen interpretation. Early Years Niels Henrik David Bohr was born on Oct. 7, 1885, in Copenhagen, Denmark. He received a doctorate from Copenhagen University in 1911. In August of 1912, Bohr married Margrethe Norlund after they had met two years before. In 1913, he developed the Bohr model of atomic structure, which introduced the theory of electrons orbiting around the atomic nucleus. His model involved the electrons being contained in quantized energy states so that when they drop from one state to another, energy is emitted. This work became central to quantum physics and it for this which he was awarded the 1922 Nobel Prize for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them. Copenhagen In 1916, Bohr became a professor at Copenhagen University. In 1920, he was appointed director of the new Institute of Theoretical Physics, later renamed the Niels Bohr Institute. In this position, he was in a position to be instrumental in building the theoretical framework of quantum physics. The standard model of quantum physics throughout the first half of the century became known as the Copenhagen interpretation, although several other interpretations now exist. Bohrs careful, thoughtful manner of approaching was colored with a playful personality, as clear in some famous Niels Bohr quotes. Bohr Einstein Debates Albert Einstein was a known critic of quantum physics, and he frequently challenged Bohrs views on the subject. Through their prolonged and spirited debate, the two great thinkers helped refine a century-long understanding of quantum physics. One of the most famous outcomes of this discussion was Einsteins famous quote that God does not play dice with the universe, to which Bohr is said to have replied, Einstein, stop telling God what to do! The debate was cordial, if spirited. In a 1920 letter, Einstein said to Bohr, Not often in life has a human being caused me such joy by his mere presence as you did. On a more productive note, the physics world pays more attention to the outcome of these debates that led to valid research questions: an attempted counter-example that Einstein proposed known as the EPR paradox. The goal of the paradox was to suggest that the quantum indeterminacy of quantum mechanics led to an inherent non-locality. This was quantified years later in Bells theorem, which is an experimentally-accessible formulation of the paradox. Experimental tests have confirmed the non-locality that Einstein created the thought experiment to refute. Bohr World War II One of Bohrs students was Werner Heisenberg, who became the leader of the German atomic research project during World War II. During a somewhat famous private meeting, Heisenberg visited with Bohr in Copenhagen in 1941, the details of which have been a matter of scholarly debate since neither ever spoke freely of the meeting, and the few references have conflicts. Bohr escaped arrest by German police in 1943, eventually making it to the United States where he worked at Los Alamos on the Manhattan Project, though implications are that his role was primarily that of a consultant. Nuclear Energy Final Years Bohr returned to Copenhagen after the war and spent the rest of his life advocating the peaceful use of nuclear energy before dying on Nov. 18, 1962.

Business policy & strategy Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business policy & strategy - Case Study Example McDonald should also consider adding healthy options. For instance, they should focus on healthy fruit juices instead of Pepsi and Coca-Cola. Deals in their menus right now offer the standard cold drink along with Fries and burgers. The restaurant should consider offering fresh juices in their deals also. McDonalds should launch a campaign focusing on the steps it has taken to combat environmental claims against the company. An image of caring company should be developed and fostered in such campaigns. Consumers are aware of what McDonalds is offering in terms of product, now the campaign should focus on what the company offers in terms of emotional value. McDonald should open more of its McCafes and expand these cafes internationally. McDonald’s has a strategy of aligning its product with the local tastes and culture of the country in which they expand. Considering this, McDonald should pursue the same strategy when opening its cafes in other regions. For instance, in India, breakfast consists of chutneys along with the main breakfast. McDonald should therefore offer chutney in its breakfast menu in India. McDonald should continue expanding into new geographical regions and adapt menus to serve the local tastes of the consumers. It should focus on eating as a family by offering a wide range of products such as baked potatoes along with fried potatoes. The organization chart illustrates the divisional structure. Divisional structures are usually organized based on geographic areas, markets or products (Phillips and Gully, 2011). In the case of McDonalds, the division is based on geographic area with each division responsible for their own area. In this structure, it is easy to evaluate which regions are most profitable and this makes accountability easier. Marketing, Finance, Human Resource are separate divisions that help develop a unitary policy for the company in terms of their marketing, finance and human resource